Beyond Linux® From Scratch

Version 12.4

2025년 9월 1일 출간

집필자 Gerard Beekmans

편집자: Bruce Dubbs

Copyrigt© 1999-2025 Gerard Beekmans

Table of Contents

Preface
Foreword
Audience
LFS Target Architectures
Prerequisites
LFS and Standards
Rationale for Packages in the Book
Typography
Structure
Errata and Security Advisories
I. Introduction
1. Introduction
How to Build an LFS System
What's new since the last release
Changelog
Resources
Help
II. Preparing for the Build
2. Preparing the Host System
Introduction
Host System Requirements
Building LFS in Stages
Creating a New Partition
Creating a File System on the Partition
Setting the $LFS Variable and the Umask
Mounting the New Partition
3. Packages and Patches
Introduction
All Packages
Needed Patches
4. Final Preparations
Introduction
Creating a Limited Directory Layout in the LFS Filesystem
Adding the LFS User
Setting Up the Environment
About SBUs
About the Test Suites
III. Building the LFS Cross Toolchain and Temporary Tools
Important Preliminary Material
Introduction
Toolchain Technical Notes
General Compilation Instructions
5. Compiling a Cross-Toolchain
Introduction
Binutils-2.45 - Pass 1
GCC-15.2.0 - Pass 1
Linux-6.16.1 API Headers
Glibc-2.42
Libstdc++ from GCC-15.2.0
6. Cross Compiling Temporary Tools
Introduction
M4-1.4.20
Ncurses-6.5-20250809
Bash-5.3
Coreutils-9.7
Diffutils-3.12
File-5.46
Findutils-4.10.0
Gawk-5.3.2
Grep-3.12
Gzip-1.14
Make-4.4.1
Patch-2.8
Sed-4.9
Tar-1.35
Xz-5.8.1
Binutils-2.45 - Pass 2
GCC-15.2.0 - Pass 2
7. Entering Chroot and Building Additional Temporary Tools
Introduction
Changing Ownership
Preparing Virtual Kernel File Systems
Entering the Chroot Environment
Creating Directories
Creating Essential Files and Symlinks
Gettext-0.26
Bison-3.8.2
Perl-5.42.0
Python-3.13.7
Texinfo-7.2
Util-linux-2.41.1
Cleaning up and Saving the Temporary System
IV. Building the LFS System
8. Installing Basic System Software
Introduction
Package Management
Man-pages-6.15
Iana-Etc-20250807
Glibc-2.42
Zlib-1.3.1
Bzip2-1.0.8
Xz-5.8.1
Lz4-1.10.0
Zstd-1.5.7
File-5.46
Readline-8.3
M4-1.4.20
Bc-7.0.3
Flex-2.6.4
Tcl-8.6.16
Expect-5.45.4
DejaGNU-1.6.3
Pkgconf-2.5.1
Binutils-2.45
GMP-6.3.0
MPFR-4.2.2
MPC-1.3.1
Attr-2.5.2
Acl-2.3.2
Libcap-2.76
Libxcrypt-4.4.38
Shadow-4.18.0
GCC-15.2.0
Ncurses-6.5-20250809
Sed-4.9
Psmisc-23.7
Gettext-0.26
Bison-3.8.2
Grep-3.12
Bash-5.3
Libtool-2.5.4
GDBM-1.26
Gperf-3.3
Expat-2.7.1
Inetutils-2.6
Less-679
Perl-5.42.0
XML::Parser-2.47
Intltool-0.51.0
Autoconf-2.72
Automake-1.18.1
OpenSSL-3.5.2
Libelf from Elfutils-0.193
Libffi-3.5.2
Python-3.13.7
Flit-Core-3.12.0
Packaging-25.0
Wheel-0.46.1
Setuptools-80.9.0
Ninja-1.13.1
Meson-1.8.3
Kmod-34.2
Coreutils-9.7
Diffutils-3.12
Gawk-5.3.2
Findutils-4.10.0
Groff-1.23.0
GRUB-2.12
Gzip-1.14
IPRoute2-6.16.0
Kbd-2.8.0
Libpipeline-1.5.8
Make-4.4.1
Patch-2.8
Tar-1.35
Texinfo-7.2
Vim-9.1.1629
MarkupSafe-3.0.2
Jinja2-3.1.6
Udev from Systemd-257.8
Man-DB-2.13.1
Procps-ng-4.0.5
Util-linux-2.41.1
E2fsprogs-1.47.3
Sysklogd-2.7.2
SysVinit-3.14
About Debugging Symbols
Stripping
Cleaning Up
9. System Configuration
Introduction
LFS-Bootscripts-20250827
Overview of Device and Module Handling
Managing Devices
General Network Configuration
System V Bootscript Usage and Configuration
Configuring the System Locale
Creating the /etc/inputrc File
Creating the /etc/shells File
10. Making the LFS System Bootable
Introduction
Creating the /etc/fstab File
Linux-6.16.1
Using GRUB to Set Up the Boot Process
11. The End
The End
Get Counted
Rebooting the System
Additional Resources
Getting Started After LFS
V. Appendices
A. Acronyms and Terms
B. Acknowledgments
C. Dependencies
D. Boot and sysconfig scripts version-20250827
/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc
/lib/lsb/init-functions
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mountvirtfs
/etc/rc.d/init.d/modules
/etc/rc.d/init.d/udev
/etc/rc.d/init.d/swap
/etc/rc.d/init.d/setclock
/etc/rc.d/init.d/checkfs
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mountfs
/etc/rc.d/init.d/udev_retry
/etc/rc.d/init.d/cleanfs
/etc/rc.d/init.d/console
/etc/rc.d/init.d/localnet
/etc/rc.d/init.d/sysctl
/etc/rc.d/init.d/sysklogd
/etc/rc.d/init.d/network
/etc/rc.d/init.d/sendsignals
/etc/rc.d/init.d/reboot
/etc/rc.d/init.d/halt
/etc/rc.d/init.d/template
/etc/sysconfig/modules
/etc/sysconfig/createfiles
/etc/sysconfig/udev-retry
/sbin/ifup
/sbin/ifdown
/lib/services/ipv4-static
/lib/services/ipv4-static-route
E. Udev configuration rules
55-lfs.rules
F. LFS Licenses
Creative Commons License
The MIT License
Index